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Author: Norqhaiziq Maharuf

Iron Industry at Santubong

A Controversy on the Iron Industry at Santubong Ever since the rise of the Shang people in the Huang Ho basin in 1800 BC, bronze has been a Chinese precious metal. It consisted of a mixture of copper and tin or lead. In the 10th century BC, iron was discovered.

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May 25, 2025 No Comments

The Chinese Iban

The Chinese Ibans The Iban ethnic group in Borneo Sarawak is divided into seven major clans: Sebuyau, Remun, Balau, Saribas, Ulu Ai/Batang Ai, Undup, and Rajang Iban. The Chinese Hakka and Teochew ancestry from Southern China, and Hokien from Fujian (also called Min) or Hokien Province came in the 18th

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May 15, 2025 No Comments

Bajau,Islam,Traditional Beliefs and the Sea Part 2

Here is part two in the collision between the Islam, traditional beliefs and the sea among the Bajau Sama people. There are very few articles, if any, that discusses the clash. Efforts to contact the authors have been fruitless.  You can find part one on my website, BorneoHistory.net An example

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May 12, 2025 No Comments

All Creatures Great and Small #72

Ceramics from a Sabah Shipwreck The ceramics from the Tanjung Simpang Mengayau Shipwreck off Sabah have been classified. The ship floundered during the northern Song dynasty(960-1127) off Kudat, Sabah. https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.2l5br71rau Weather and South Kalimatan There have been significant changes in temperature over the past 40 years. The average temperature was

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May 7, 2025 No Comments

Pre Islamic Beliefs and Islam: The Samah Bajau

The Baju’s love of the sea, their pre-Islamic customs(adat) and Islam come together to form a belief system where they co-exist and, seemingly, are not in contradiction with each other. This is part one of two parts The Bajau or Bajo people are groups of nomadic people traditionally living on

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May 1, 2025 No Comments

Poetry in the Sarawak Kampong

For a change of pace, I present poetry from the kampongs along the Sarawak River. They are usually recited at gatherings of Malay people, where the men and women are seated separately. The ending of the first and third verse and the second and fourth verse must rhyme. The first

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April 24, 2025 No Comments

HeadHunting: A Rationale

Headhunting Among these spectacles, I was arrested by the ghastly appearance of a once human head. In mere derision it had been boiled, stripped of the skin and hair, and put on a post with a raw kumara [sweet potato] placed in the mouth. (John Alexander, nineteenth century New Zealand

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April 19, 2025 No Comments

Astronomy and the Ma’anyan People of Borneo

Astronomy of the Ma’anyan of central Borneo When I was about 10, a youngster, I learned about constellations. An assistant scoutmaster used a light pointer to show us the various stars and constellations. He tried to show me the constellation of Cassiopeia but I did not see a chair, I saw

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April 16, 2025 No Comments

Circumcision

Circumcision We were riding a bus in the eighth month of pregnancy from Kuching to Sibu. The ride was uneventful and we arrived at our hotel ready for a shower and sleep. The next day we would go exploring. At about 8 p.m. my wife went into labour. I called

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September 15, 2024 No Comments

Portuguese Borneo

Durate Barbosa This small essay describes Borneo before 1518 from the point of view of the Portuguese. This was after the Brunei incursion into Santubong in ~1512. The Isles of Borneo “Further on towards China, from the Island of Solor (Sulu) there is another island as well furnished with victuals,

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September 2, 2024 No Comments
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